Review of Electric Vehicle Technologies, Charging Methods, Standards and Optimization Techniques

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of electric vehicle technology, charging methods, standards, and optimization techniques. The essential characteristics Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) (EV) are first discussed. Recent research on EV methods such as Battery Swap Station (BSS), Wireless Power Transfer (WPT), Conductive Charging (CC) then presented. is followed by discussion standards levels their configurations. Next, some the most used techniques for sizing placement stations analyzed. Finally, based insights gained, several recommendations put forward future research.